The ability to predict stream alkalinity values over timescales shorter than monthly or annually is needed to understand the response of stream chemistry to acidic inputs which occur across short time scales (days). We ...

During explosive eruptions the deposition of fine-grained volcanic ash fallout reduces soil permeability, favouring runoff of meteoric water and thus increasing the occurrence of catastrophic floods. A fully dynamic, ...

We present results of high temperature, high pressure atomistic simulations aimed at determining the thermodynamic mixing properties of key binary garnet solid solutions. Computations cover the pressure range 0-15 GPa and ...

The use of quantum mechanics methods within the formalism of density functional theory requires a method to represent the electron wave functions. We compare the use of strictly localized basis functions based on atomic ...

Results of in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM), ex situ AFM, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction were combined with previous macroscopic investigations ...

Until now, modelling of three-dimensional (3-D) velocity variations in the mantle and topography of the transition zone discontinuities have been considered separately. Velocity models were obtained assuming that the radii ...

Experimental clinopyroxenes synthesized at 850-1500 degrees C and 0-60 kbar in the CMS and CMAS-Cr systems and in more complex lherzolitic systems have been used to calibrate a Cr-in-Cpx barometer and an enstatite-in-Cpx ...

We applied laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) as a new and precise technique for measuring trace elements in benthic foraminifera (Hoeglundina elegans). With this technique, trace element ...

Determining the age of glacigenic sediments is difficult for many geochronological methods because of the lack of suitable materials for analysis. Luminescence dating can be applied to the mineral grains making up the ...

A new stepwise leaching procedure applied to Ca-bearing silicates enables the selective recovery of radiogenic and common Pb from a mineral, and thus makes single-phase Pb-Pb dating possible. This permits independent dating ...