Abstract:
Two isolated molars, the holotypes of Asiaparamys shevyrevae NESSOV, 1987b and Kazygurtia clivosa NESSOV, 1987b from the latest Paleocene Dzhylga 1 a locality are restudied, and an additional molar of A. shevyrevae from the same locality is described. Asiaparamys is referable to the rodent family Ischyromyidae by having the trigonid compressed antero-posteriorly and a ridge-like hypoconulid. Kazygurtia with a posteriorly closed trigonid basin, subvertical posterior trigonid wall, weak ectolophid lacking a mesoconid, cusp-like hypoconulid, and strongly bunodont molar cusps, is one of the most generalized Glires taxa; it is referred to Glires incertae sedis. The Glires species from Dzhylga 1a are among the oldest known rodents or rodent-like mammals. Enamel microstructure of five isolated Glires incisor fragments exhibits two-layered enamel with pauciserial Hunter-Schreger bands and radial enamel, which are typical for early Paleogene rodents.