Abstract:
The characterization of individual magnetic components in sediments and sedimentary rocks is difficult, as these natural materials are often a complex mixture of magnetic mineral sources. The analysis of magnetization curves with model functions is the only practicable method of unmixing the magnetic components and characterizing their magnetic properties, if a priori information is not available. Unfortunately, such analyses rely on time consuming measurements and on the choice of appropriate model functions. The simplification of the unmixing problem is closely related to the number of parameters required to fully characterize a magnetic component, and the significance of these parameters in rock magnetic terms. A systematic analysis of synthetic and natural samples shows that a combination of four parameters, here called magnetic fingerprints, is sufficient for this purpose. The fingerprints of individual magnetic components isolated from a wide range of natural sediments and sedimentary rocks form well-defined groups with specific properties. These groups reflect common processes of formation, transport and dissolution of magnetic particles. A clear distinction can be made between two sorts of biogenic magnetite, atmospheric dust, urban pollution and ultrafine magnetite produced in soils and lacustrine/marine sediments.