КЛАСТЕРНЫЙ (КВАТАРОННЫЙ) МЕХАНИЗМ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ЖИДКОЙ ВОДЫ

Abstract

Water is seemingly the most important substance in the nature; it takes the principal part in numerous processes and phenomena taking place on the Earth, in its subsurface, and in the surrounding space. Questions touching the unique properties of water and processes of its formation should remain the long-live tasks for all sciences related to the problem. There is suggested the new model of structured and unstructured formation of liquid water. It is shown that condensation of water vapor is preceded by forming of polymolecular nanoclusters of water (clusters of the «latent» phase, or quatarons), which cannot exist according to the classic theory. In terms of polyhedrons, the stable structures of quatarons are described as regular and semi-regular polyhedrons: from octahedrons up to icosahedrons and dodecahedrons. Structured liquid water is formed by condensation of quatarons shaped as dense icosahedra or hollow dodecahedra or truncated octahedra. Unstructured water, with density of the real water- 1 g/cm3, arises by condensation of dense-packed icosahedron clusters containing about 560 molecules. The real water is a mixture of structured and unstructured water.