CALICHES: A NEWLY-FORMED BOUNDARY CARBONATE MATERIAL IN SOILS

Abstract

Regularities in the localization and formation of caliches are considered. Caliche represents a carbonate material newly formed at the interface of atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere frequently due to the formation of soil horizons. Particular attention is paid to carbonate crusts and encrustations on pebbles submerged into soils in southern Kazakhstan and the western United States.