ОСОБЕННОСТИ КРИОЛИТОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ СЕВЕРА ЗАПАДНОЙ СИБИРИ В ГОЛОЦЕНЕ

Abstract

A study of the ice wedge morphology possible to distinguish five different types of ice wedges, or combinations thereof.

The first type of ice wedge - developing and shallow relic epigenetic wedges and ice - studied well enough. The important role of these ice wedge in changing kriolitologicheskogo image arrays in areas predominant denudation due to their universal development both in synthesis and in epigenetic permafrost sequences, although the parameters of ice wedge quite modest: the width of the top of the seldom exceeds 1.0-1.5 m, height - 2-3 m.

The second type - bunk epigenetic wedges and ice: relict epigenetic vein in the lower tier and developing Holocene epigenetic ice wedge at the top. Cores of this type occur mainly in the south of the Yamal-Gyda province near the Arctic Circle, where the upper part in some periods of the Holocene could partially thaw.

The third type - the relic deep syngenetic ice wedge - widely distributed within the Yamal-Gyda province. Most often, the heads of these lived at the depth of 5-7 m, but sometimes they are found in the lower parts of the Late Pleistocene terraces or even occur in older strata, the penetrated into the base of the terraces.

The fourth type – two stages combined relict ice wedge, syngenetic ice wedges underneath and developing Holocene epigenetic veins in the upper stage - often timed to genetically heterogeneous strata – syncryogenic and epicryogenic. A variation of this type are syngenetic veins in peatlands, formed over the relict cores in syngenetic mineral soils (strictly speaking, the ice wedge syngenetic time 'accumulation of peat and epigenetic towards sediments forming surface denudation in general).

The fifth type - ice wedge close to the surface relic syngenetic ice wedges, propped on top of the introduction of young epigenetic veins. He is very peculiar: a front elevation ice wedge resembles a funnel with a wide upper cone and a long, narrow "neck". In addition the upper cone participate syngenetic ice relict Pleistocene veins and invested in it epigenetic young Holocene ice cores. These veins are marked by us in the river valleys Yuribey, Tanama, Mongatalyangyaha and others.

Originality permafrost territory development may determine the existence of a single array as a relic of syngenetic ice wedge and ice wedge that developed during the Holocene epigenetically, the latter being formed in frozen ground, and in the body of syngenetic ice wedges. In such polygonal arrays formed two polygons system: large, educated relic syngenetic ice cores with embedded in them epigenetic ice 'wedge', 'small and formed by epigenetic Holocene ice wedge.