LOW-TEMPERATURE OCEANIC FERROMANGANESE MINERAL DEPOSITION: THE FORMATION OF CHEMICAL AND MINERALOGICAL COMPOSITIONS AND THE SYNTHESIS AND SORPTION PROPERTIES OF MANGANESE OXIDE-HYDROXIDES

Abstract

Manganese oxide-hydroxide compounds were synthesized under low temperature conditions (3-22°C). They are represented by X-ray amorphous and crystalline compounds. The latter consist of minerals with layered crystal structures (buserite-I and birnessite, or vernadite), feitknechtite, hausmannite, and cryptomelane, whose sorption properties were studied. Their exchangeable ions are Na+, K+, Mn2+, and H3O+. The highest reactivity is shown by Na+ and K+ regardless of the adsorbed cation. Extraction of Mn2+ cations is differentiated. The sorption activity of Mn species increases in the following order: cryptomelane < hausmannite + feitknechtite < birnessite < amorphous substance < buserite-I.