Abstract:
Water-bearing fluids are suggested to result from thermodynamically equilibrium interaction andesite - water in the zone of accumulation of hydrothermal solutions from peripheral magma chambers. Thus, intermediate magma chambers, which are derivates of the primary andesite magma, are assumed to exist. As a result of the interaction, Au and Ag, which are found in andesites and rhyolites in clarke concentrations, are mobilized into a fluid phase with Au enriched by a factor of 200-500 and with Ag enriched by a factor of 100-200. In addition, meteoric waters, infiltrating to the root zone of the hydrothermal block through andesites and coming to the surface through fissure chammels, cannot be a potential source of Au epithermal deposits. However, "empty" Au hydrotherms of meteoric origin can participate in redistribution and retnobilization of gold, early deposited, with its removal to the surface at the final stage of evolution of a hydrothermal system. At the final stage, the flow of deep fluids begins to run out. The main dissolved Au mode of occurrence is hydrosulfide Ag(HS)2-. Chloride complexes of Au are subordinate no matter which rock (andesite or rhyolite) is in equilibrium. Silver occurs both as chlorides and as hydrosulfides. However, chlorides are predominant in the rhyolite fluid.
